What Is Tartar on Teeth and Why is Tartar Breaking Off Teeth?



More than 50% of adults have dental tartar, mainly due to neglecting oral care, which allows plaque to build up. If plaque isn’t cleared within 24-72 hours, it hardens into tartar, which can lead to cavities, gingivitis, and bad breath. Tartar bonds strongly with tooth enamel and cannot be removed at home—only a dental professional can do so.

To understand how plaque turns into tartar, why tartar breaks off, what it looks like, and how to prevent it, read this blog.

What is Dental Plaque?

Plaque is a sticky, bacteria-filled film that forms on teeth surfaces above and below the gum line. It results from saliva mixing with food and fluids. Plaque bacteria produce harmful acids that attack tooth enamel and gums, leading to tooth decay, gum disease, and tartar buildup if not regularly cleaned through brushing and flossing.

What is Tartar?

Tartar, or dental calculus, is hardened plaque. While plaque can be removed with brushing and flossing, tartar requires professional cleaning by a dentist or hygienist.

What Causes Mouth Tartar?

Mouth tartar is caused by poor oral hygiene and regular plaque buildup. Regular brushing and flossing can prevent it.

Can Tartar Cause Bad Breath?

Yes, tartar can cause bad breath and a bad taste by trapping food particles between the teeth and gums.

Why Tartar Breaks Off Teeth

Tartar bonds tightly to the enamel, requiring professional cleaning for removal. However, tartar can break off for various reasons:


  • Advanced buildup: Thick layers may loosen and chip off from chewing or brushing.
  • Diet or lifestyle: Crunchy foods may dislodge tartar, especially near the gumline.
  • Dental issues: Gum disease or cavities can weaken tooth structures, causing tartar to break off.
  • Improper brushing/flossing: Excessive force can dislodge tartar, though not reliably.
  • Age of tartar: Older deposits may become brittle and crack or flake off.

What Does Tartar Look Like When It Breaks Off?

Tartar fragments are small, hard, irregularly shaped, and typically off-white, yellowish, or brown. Key characteristics include:

  • Size and shape: Tartar can break off as tiny, sand-like granules or larger chunks, rough and gritty.
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  • Color: Fresh tartar is pale yellow or off-white; older tartar darkens due to staining from food, drink, or smoking.
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  • Texture: Tartar is hard, feeling like sand or a small stone, and can be sharp or jagged if from the gumline.
  • Consistency: As a calcified substance, tartar is much harder and more brittle than plaque.

Takeaway

To prevent plaque and tartar buildup, practice proper oral hygiene with regular brushing and flossing. Tartar removal should be done by a professional dentist. If you notice tartar breaking off, consult your dentist, as dislodged pieces can expose sensitive areas, leading to further complications. For advanced tartar removal, visit Surya Dental Care for professional treatment.

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