How Dangerous Can a Tooth Infection Be?



A tooth infection indicates that bacteria have infiltrated the soft tissues of your mouth. These bacteria can spread beyond the teeth, potentially reaching other body parts within weeks or months, leading to serious, life-threatening complications. Though rare, an untreated tooth infection can indeed result in death. However, the timeline for a tooth infection to become fatal is unpredictable, varying from person to person. Factors such as the severity of the disease, individual health conditions, medical history, the timing of dental treatment, and the type of infection all play a role.

This article will explain what a tooth infection is, how quickly it can spread, its symptoms, how long it can go untreated, and whether a tooth infection can be fatal.

What Is a Tooth Infection?

A tooth infection is a bacterial infection that impacts the teeth, gums, and jaw. Bacteria can enter these areas through cavities, cracks, exposed gums, or injuries. Once the infection sets in, it can spread from the root of the tooth to the supporting bones and potentially to other parts of the body if left untreated.

How Fast Can a Tooth Infection Spread?

A tooth abscess, typically caused by a cavity, starts at the tip of the tooth and gradually works its way inward, reaching the soft tissues or pulp over time. However, in individuals with cracks or chips in their teeth or deep cavities, the infection can spread much faster, directly affecting the innermost part of the tooth.

Initially, a tooth infection may cause mild pain localized at the tip of the tooth. However, if left untreated, the infection can reach the root, causing intense pain and discomfort. Once the infection reaches the root, it has the potential to spread to the gums, jaw, and even the bloodstream. While the exact rate at which a tooth infection spreads varies, it's important to address the issue as soon as possible to prevent further complications.

Symptoms of a Tooth Infection

Signs of a tooth infection can range from mild discomfort to severe pain. Common symptoms include:

  • Persistent, severe toothache radiating to the neck, ears, or jaw
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  • Sensitivity to hot or cold temperatures
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  • Pain when biting or chewing
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  • Fever or elevated body temperature
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  • Swelling in the face, cheek, or neck, which may make it difficult to breathe or swallow
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  • Enlarged lymph nodes in the neck or under the jaw
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  • A bad taste in the mouth
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  • A sudden release of foul-smelling, salty fluid if the abscess ruptures, often accompanied by some pain relief

How to Tell If a Tooth Infection Is Spreading?

If a tooth infection is spreading beyond the mouth, you may experience additional symptoms, such as:

  • Stomach pain, diarrhea, or vomiting
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  • Signs of dehydration
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  • Dizziness, lightheadedness, or confusion
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  • Rapid heartbeat and high fever
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  • Difficulty breathing
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  • Trouble swallowing

How Long Can a Tooth Infection Go Untreated?

The longer a tooth infection goes untreated, the more likely it is to spread to other parts of the body. A tooth infection does not heal on its own or respond to home remedies; professional dental treatment is necessary. It's important to see a dentist or healthcare provider within a few days to a week after noticing signs of a tooth infection to prevent severe health issues.

Can a Tooth Infection Be Treated at Home?

No, home remedies are not an effective treatment for tooth infections. While they may temporarily alleviate pain, they do not address the underlying cause. A dental abscess requires professional care, and without proper treatment, the infection can progress. In some cases, the nerves inside the tooth may die, reducing the sensation of pain, which could give a false sense of relief. Only a dentist can properly treat a tooth infection and prevent it from spreading.

Can a Tooth Infection Kill You?

Yes, though it is rare, a tooth infection can be fatal. This happens when the infection spreads to other parts of the body, leading to serious health conditions. Here are some of the life-threatening complications that can result from an untreated tooth infection:

  • Sepsis: Also known as blood poisoning, sepsis occurs when the body’s response to an infection triggers inflammation throughout the body. If a tooth infection spreads to the bloodstream, it can lead to sepsis, a potentially life-threatening condition.

  • Infective Endocarditis: This is a rare heart condition that can occur when bacteria from a tooth infection enter the bloodstream and infect the inner lining of the heart chambers or valves.

  • Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis: This is a rare but serious condition that occurs when a bacterial infection spreads from the face (such as from a tooth) to the cavernous sinus, a large vein at the base of the skull.

  • Osteomyelitis: This serious bone infection can develop if bacteria from a tooth infection spread to the underlying bones. It often occurs after tooth extractions or dental implants and can lead to severe complications.

  • Brain Infection: Though very rare, a tooth infection can spread to the brain, leading to life-threatening complications such as brain abscesses. Symptoms may include headaches, neck stiffness, changes in mental status, and weakness in the body.

Takeaway

While advancements in modern healthcare have significantly reduced the risk of death from tooth infections, it is still essential to seek treatment promptly. If left untreated, tooth infections can lead to severe health problems, including life-threatening conditions. If you notice signs of a tooth infection, consult with a dentist as soon as possible to avoid potential complications.

To ensure your dental health and prevent the spread of infections, schedule a consultation with your dentist today. Early intervention can make all the difference in protecting your health.

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